Research on the development trend of the hottest m

Research on the development trend of microfiber synthetic leather

with the development of the world economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the demand for leather is increasing year by year. However, since the 1990s, countries around the world have strengthened environmental protection and implemented ecological restoration measures such as returning farmland to forests and pastures, resulting in the annual decline in leather production. In this situation, in order to make up for the shortcomings of natural leather and meet people's higher-level needs, microfiber synthetic leather has been gradually used to replace part of leather. In some countries and regions such as Japan, the development of technology has made microfiber synthetic leather replace a large number of natural leather with insufficient resources, and the decoration of bags, clothing, shoes, vehicles and furniture made of artificial leather and synthetic leather is increasingly recognized by the market. With its wide range of applications, large quantity and many varieties, traditional natural leather can't do it at all. The same is true in China. As an important part of the plastic industry, microfiber synthetic leather is widely used in various industries of the national economy

environmental friendly, high value-added microfiber synthetic leather

there are two kinds of fibers used in artificial leather: microfiber and ordinary fiber. The difference between the two lies in the linear density - the linear density of microfiber is lower than 0.55dtex, and the linear density of ordinary fiber is higher than 1.1dtex. Superfine fiber synthetic leather was developed by Japanese experts with composite spinning technology more than 40 years ago. It has a microstructure similar to natural leather, and overcomes the shortcomings of poor shape and position, poor thickness uniformity, washing shrinkage, hardening, moisture and mildew of leather. Advanced superfine artificial leather tries to surpass leather in performance, and its price is even more expensive than leather. The reason why leather has always been loved by people is that it has superior moisture absorption and excellent dehumidification function, which can reduce the peculiar smell generated in shoes, improve the microclimate condition in shoes, make it comfortable to wear, and meet the health requirements of human body. Comfort (hydrophilic, sweat absorbing, elastic, breathable, moisture permeable and warm) is the most basic requirement of medium and high-end shoes. Therefore, as a shoe material, it must have certain moisture absorption to ensure that the sweat on the feet can be evenly distributed during wearing. Hygroscopicity is the basic index of characterizing fiber properties. Most synthetic fibers lack or do not have enough hygroscopic hydrophilic groups, so the hygroscopicity is poor

however, due to the limitations of natural conditions, the world's natural leather will not have a lot of growth, and microfiber synthetic leather can not only supplement the shortcomings of natural leather in quantity, but also has been applied in more and more fields because its many properties are better than natural leather. In fact, the hygroscopicity of microfiber synthetic leather is the best among all synthetic leather. According to the data, the water vapor permeability of natural leather is about 800mg/(250px2.24h), while that of microfiber base cloth is about 400mg/(250px2.24h). This is mainly because there are more hydrophilic groups on collagen fibers in natural leather than in microfiber base cloth. Therefore, the application of natural leather processing technology to the production of superfine fiber synthetic leather is an investment project that is valued by experts and has a bright future

compared with the green leather of natural leather, the superfine fiber base cloth has smaller fiber weaving density and looser base cloth, resulting in its flat and thin feel. Through the analysis of tissue sections, it can be seen that the single fiber of the microfiber base cloth is in the shape of a straight column, which forms a three-dimensional structure through the intersection of branches, while the single fiber of natural leather is in the shape of a curved line, which forms a three-dimensional structure through mutual separation and combination. Therefore, compared with the green leather of the natural leather, microfiber base cloth has large elastic modulus and is not easy to emboss

the natural leather processing technology is applied to the processing of superfine fiber synthetic leather, which solves the problems of superfine fiber synthetic leather, such as flat, thin, loose, poor hand feel, easy to wrinkle when used, and makes it basically reach the properties of real leather; Except that the water vapor permeability is similar to that of cattle shaving leather, other physical properties are better than natural leather. Due to the strong imitation leather property of the superfine fiber synthetic leather, the selling price can be increased by about 30%. With the increasingly strict requirements of environmental protection, the pollution of leather has attracted more and more social attention. There is no solid waste in the production process of microfiber synthetic leather. Compared with the processing of natural leather, the water consumption in the whole finishing process is very small, and the amount of chemicals is also very small. The process design is reasonable, and the BOD and COD values in the wastewater are very low, which can meet the requirements of cleaner production, The pollution is reduced, and the product still needs to bear more tests, and the difficulty of water treatment is reduced

no matter from the appearance or internal 12. The wire changes the experimental machine. When the small angle reaches the preset value, the structure is close to natural leather. Superfine fiber synthetic leather is a continuous and automatic product with high production efficiency and stable product quality. When the natural leather processing technology is used in the processing of superfine fiber synthetic leather, the rolled products must be cut into pieces. With the help of the mechanical action of the drum, the chemical materials penetrate into the superfine fiber, which increases the tediousness of the operation. Therefore, this processing method must be further studied to find a method suitable for continuous production. In order to improve the handle of superfine fiber synthetic leather, chromium powder and general acid dyes are used in the processing to give the synthetic leather a popular color, but it adds an obstacle to the export of products. Because there is a certain gap between the hand feel properties of microfiber synthetic leather and real leather, that is, microfiber synthetic leather has the problem of low moisture permeability, so people have never stopped exploring the method of synthetic leather simulation

the production process needs to integrate the whole industry process

the main component of microfiber is polyamide fiber. According to the data, the composition and structure of polyamide fiber is simpler than that of protein fiber, and only at the end of the molecular chain has carboxyl and amino groups. In the middle of the molecular chain, there are a large number of carbon chains and amide groups, without side chains. Therefore, for the organizational structure of polyamide fiber, acid hydrolysis and enzymatic hydrolysis technology should be used to chemically modify the superfine fiber, open its amide bond and increase its active group, and then the retanning, filling, fatliquoring and dyeing technology of natural leather should be used to fill the macromolecular tanning agent between the superfine fibers to improve its water vapor permeability and other physical properties, Make the feel of superfine fiber base cloth and leather blank close to the best lightweight solution for potential customers in freight, logistics, urban environmental protection and other industries to deal with energy conservation and emission reduction

as a new synthetic leather processing method, it is feasible to introduce the wet processing and finishing technology of leather into the production of microfiber synthetic leather. However, with the improvement of superfine fiber processing technology, it is necessary to fundamentally improve the manufacturing process of superfine fiber base cloth, so that the physical properties and hand feel of the superfine fiber base cloth itself are close to that of natural leather. It should be a direction to wet process the superfine fiber base cloth without using leather chemicals to reduce environmental impact, and only carry out leather like finishing. In particular, it should be noted that the development of superfine fiber synthetic leather must be combined with leather making, dyeing and finishing, shoe making and furniture processing to form a continuous process and improve the overall development ability. Only in this way can the vitality of superfine fiber synthetic leather be improved

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